Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Leadership - Essay Example This system is clearly working since Employee 1 is doing more than the minimum with the aim of accessing the end-year bonus. The second source of power in an organization is expert power, where an individual possesses significant knowledge or skills in a certain domain in the organizations operations. In most cases, the individual performs a duty or responsibility that others cannot undertake to the same level, and hence is an important asset to the organization. Since the organization does not wish to lose such an individual, it seeks to make them comfortable and thus submits to their requests. Employee 2 draws his power from being the only expert accountant in Corporate A. Since he is the only individual who can prepare the company’s financial statement he has negotiated for a 4 day work-week that is inaccessible for the rest of the employees in the accounting department. His being the only Certified Public Accountant is a source of power within the organization. The other b asis of power in organizations stems from personal characteristics. Having individual special qualities such as charisma and people skills results in admiration from the rest of the workforce and management and thus places one in positions from which they can gain audience within the organization. Charismatic qualities make certain employees convincing enough to side with, besides making their ideas attractive. This is certainly the case for Employee 3 who despite having not been in Corporate A longer than the other employees is already influential in the company. The rest of the employees are attracted to his positive and charismatic personality, and this is a source of power to him as we can see his project idea being spiritedly adopted by the department. Coercive sources of power are felt in the case where leaders create the perception of threats to the employees. This can either be through making others believe that the individual may implement punitive measures, reprimand them or withdraw certain advantages. Individuals can also coerce the management to listen to their wishes for example through threatening to withdraw service through labor unions. The marketing manager clearly coerces his staff members to work beyond the minimum through threatening to withdraw end year bonuses which for individuals like Employee 1 are absolutely crucial if they are to afford certain desired things. The last source of power is legitimate/positional power which is wielded by leaders within organizations by virtue of being appointed to head other employees. The extent of positional power is dependent on the position one holds, for instance middle level managers, senior managers among others. Corporate A scenario presents three examples of positional power in the marketing manager, the accounting department manager and the sales manager who lead employees in their respective department. Relationship between Dependency and Power According to Murphy and Willmott (2009) there i s a relationship between power and dependency because the power resides implicitly in another person’s dependency. Examples of this can be clearly seen in Corporate A, where the marketing manager wields power on employees who are dependent on him due to his discretion in distributing rewards. Due to the various sources of power within

Market and Transport Revolution in the United States Essay

Market and Transport Revolution in the United States - Essay Example A group of Americans statesmen came up with a vision of implementing a national economic policy that enhanced the growth of the economy referred to as the â€Å"American system.† This paper aims at responding to the changes in the transport and market revolution in the United States of America; with direct relation to their contribution in the growth of the country. Considering â€Å"market revolution,† the expansion of the market place occurred in the nineteenth century giving way to infrastructural growth that promoted business growth in the United States. Construction of new roads and canals to join distant communities together for the first time came into effect. Resultant transport development, â€Å"inspired by the success of the Erie Canal where the States poured millions of dollars into the transportation networks† spurred the national growth economically (Cobbs-Hoffman and Gjerde, 232). This opened up the interior areas to the other parts and led to move ment of goods promoting development in the areas. The market revolution attributed with new roads and canal development can be said to have opened up business with other distant markets enhancing more earnings that were used in the economic development of the rural areas. â€Å"The invention of steam power saw the transport means improve a notch higher as steam boats and railroads were introduced† (Cobbs-Hoffman and Gjerde, 231). ... ar that, with the harnessing of steam power, improved transportation modes were realized and resulted to greater development in the transport industry; thus, promoting the business sector. Improved business relates directly to economic growth of a region and this saw the consequential advancement of the United States of America. â€Å"Technology advancement and improved business practice progressed well with the market and transport growth consolidating the market and building the economy progressively† (Cobbs-Hoffman and Gjerde, 248). Market development meant increased business activities which benefited a lot from the improvement of transport channels and effective market. This not only increased new market ventures, but also opened up far and new market places; thus, increasing output consumption leading to growth in the relevant sectors of economy. â€Å"Infrastructure development is of much essence in comparison to labor practices and business activities† (Cobbs-Ho ffman and Gjerde, 248). This portrays high level of attachment the changes that occurred in the transport industry ensued and made crucial impact in the business and employment sectors. With business thrive; the economy of any state is geared towards considerable and substantial growth. The changes experienced in transport laid a foundation for market revolution that brought about a permanent change in the daily activities of the American people. For example, with improved transport, â€Å"farmers could get their produce to the market at shorter times; workers got to work early or using considerably shorter periods† (Cobbs-Hoffman and Gjerde, 231). This in turn, contributed to a large extent, â€Å"in the changing of the economic landscape of the United States† (Cobbs-Hoffman and Gjerde, 232). With increased